Bali is the name of one of the provinces in Indonesia, and
is also the name of the largest island that is part of the province. In
addition consists of the island of Bali, Bali Province also consists of islands
smaller in the vicinity, namely the island of Nusa Penida, Nusa Lembongan
Island, Island Ceningan and Serangan Island.
Bali lies between Java and Lombok. Denpasar is the
provincial capital of which is located in the southern part of the island. The
majority of Balinese are Hindu. In the world famous Bali as a tourist
destination with a unique variety of art-culture, especially for the Japanese
and Australian tourists. Bali is also known as the island and the island of
thousand temples
Bali Island is part of the Lesser Sunda Islands along the
153 km and 112 km wide approximately 3.2 km from the island of Java.
Astronomically, Bali is located at 8 ° 25'23 "south latitude and 115 °
14'55" East Longitude tropical climate that makes it like other parts of
Indonesia.
Mount Agung is the highest point in Bali as high as 3,148 m.
The volcano last erupted in March 1963. Mount Batur one of the mountain in Bali. About 30,000 years ago, Mount Batur erupted and produced a terrible
disaster on earth. Unlike in the north, the southern part of Bali is irrigated
lowland rivers.
Based on the relief and topography, in the middle of a
stretch of mountainous island of Bali which extends from west to east and in
the mountains there is a cluster of volcanoes is Mount Batur and Mount Agung
and not volcanic mountain, the mount merbuk, Mount Patas and Mount Seraya. The
existence of these mountains cause by Geographic Region Bali is divided into 2
(two) unequal parts namely North Bali with a narrow lowland and less sloping
and the lowlands of South Bali and ramps wide
Bali is a beautiful nature make the island famous as a
tourist area.
The capital of Bali is Denpasar
The first inhabitants of the island of Bali is expected to
come in 3000-2500 BCE who migrated from Asia. Remains of stone tools were
found in the village Cekik located in the western part of the island
Prehistoric times and then ended with the arrival
ajaranHindu and Sanskrit writings of India in 100 BC. [Need citation needed]
Culture Bali then a strong influence of Indian culture that
the process is getting faster after the 1st century AD. NamaBalidwipa (island)
began to be found in various inscriptions, including inscription Blanjong
issued by Sri Kesari Warmadewapada 913 M and mention the word Walidwipa. It is
estimated that around this time Subak irrigation system for rice cultivation
began to be developed. Some religious and cultural traditions also began to
develop at that time. Majapahit kingdom (1293-1500 AD) Hindu and centered on
the island of Java, had founded the kingdom of subordinates in Bali around the
year 1343 AD It was almost seluruhnusantara Hindus, but with the coming of
Islam stood Islamic kingdoms in the archipelago which, among other causes the
fall of Majapahit. Many nobles, priests, artists and other Hindu community when
it withdrew from Java to Bali.
Europeans who first discovered Bali is Cornelis de Houtman
from the Netherlands in 1597, though a Portuguese ship had previously been
stranded near the promontory Bukit, Jimbaran, in 1585. The Netherlands through
the VOC began to implement its occupation of the land of Bali, but continue to
get resistance, so until the end of the power of their position in Bali is not
as solid as their position in the Java or the Moluccas. Starting from the
northern region of Bali, since the 1840s the Netherlands has become a permanent
presence which was originally performed by various rulers pitted Bali-sheep are
not mutually trust each other. Dutch major attack by sea and land against the
Sanur area and was followed by the Denpasar area. Bali party who lost in numbers
and armaments do not want to experience shame for surrender, thus causing the
war to the death titk bellows or war involving the whole people of both men and
women termasukrajanya. An estimated 4,000 people were killed in the incident,
although the Netherlands has ordered them to surrender. Furthermore, the Dutch
governors who ruled only a few give influence on the island, so that local
control of religion and culture generally unchanged.
Japan occupied Bali during World War II and then a military
officer named I Gusti Ngurah Rai Bali forming forces 'freedom fighters'.
Following the defeat of Japan in the Pacific in August 1945, the Dutch promptly
returned to Indonesia (including Bali) to re-establish its colonial rule as a
state before the war. This was opposed by the forces of resistance Bali who was
using Japanese weapons.
On 20 November 1945, fighting broke out Puputan Margarana
that occurred in the village of Marga, Tabanan, Bali middle. Colonel I Gusti
Ngurah Rai aged 29, led his army from the eastern region of Bali to carry out
attacks to death in the Netherlands armed forces. All members of the Bali
battalion was killed everything and make it as a last Balinese military
resistance.
In 1946 the Dutch made Bali as one of 13 areas part of a new
State of East Indonesia was proclaimed, named as one of the rivals for the
Republic of Indonesia which was proclaimed and headed by Sukarno and Hatta.
Bali then also incorporated into the United States of Indonesia when the Dutch
recognized the independence of Indonesia on December 29, 1949. In 1950, Bali
officially leave perserikatannya with Dutch and legally became a province of
the Republic of Indonesia.
The eruption of Mount Agung which occurred in 1963, had
shaken the people's economy and caused many residents of Bali transmigrated to
other areas in Indonesia.
In 1965, along with the failure by the G30S coup against the
national government in Jakarta, Bali and many other areas there was a crackdown
against members and sympathizers of the Communist Party of Indonesia. In Bali,
it is estimated that more than 100,000 people killed or missing. Nevertheless,
the events of the early days of the Order Barutersebut up to now has not
managed to be disclosed by law.
Terrorist attacks have occurred on October 12, 2002, in the
form of the 2002 Bali bombing attack in Kuta Beach tourist area, causing as
many as 202 people were killed and 209 others injured. 2005 Bali bomb attacks
also occurred three years later in Kuta and Jimbaran beach. Such events
received extensive international coverage because most of the victims were
foreign tourists and led to the Bali tourism industry faces severe challenges
in recent years.
Bali's population of approximately 4 million inhabitants
more, with a 84.5% majority adheres to Hinduism. Other religions are Buddhism
(0.5%), Islam (13.3%), Protestants and Catholics (1.7%). Islam is the largest
minority religion in Bali with adherents has now reached 13.3% based on the
latest census in January 2014.
Apart from tourism, the Balinese are also living from
agriculture and fisheries, most notably the world of agriculture in Bali is the
Subak system. Some also choose to be an artist. The language used in Bali is
Indonesian, Balinese and England especially for those who work in the tourism
sector.
Bali and Indonesian language is the language most widely
used in Bali and Indonesia as well as other residents, the majority of Balinese
people are bilingual or even trilingual. Although there are several dialects of
the Balinese language, people generally use a form of language Bali Bali
association as an option in communicating. Traditionally, the use of various
dialects of the language Bali chess set based on the color system in Hindu
Dharma and clan membership (the term Bali: soroh, gotra); although the
implementation of these traditions tend to decrease. In some places in Bali,
found a number of users of the Java language.
English is the third language (and the primary foreign
language) for many Balinese people are influenced by the great needs of the tourism
industry. The employees who work in the tourist information centers in Bali,
often also understand some of the foreign language with adequate competence.
Japanese language education is also a priority in Bali.
Three decades ago, the economy of Bali and based largely
rely on agriculture both in terms of output and employment. Now, the tourism
industry became the largest revenue object for Bali. As a result, Bali is one
of the richest regions in Indonesia. In 2003, approximately 80% of Bali's
economy relies on tourism industry. At the end of June 2011, non-performing
loans of all banks in Bali was 2.23%, lower than the average non-performing
loan Indonesian banking industry (around 5%). Economics, however, suffer
significantly as a result of the 2002 Bali bombings and the Bali bombings of
2005. The tourism industry itself has been recovered from the consequences of
this event.
Tourism
Bali is Indonesia's excellent tourism is already famous
around the world. Besides well-known for its natural beauty, especially its
beaches, Bali is also famous for its arts and culture are unique and
interesting. Bali as a tourist destination complete and integrated has many
interesting sights, any place in Bali which must be visited. some places it
among others: Kuta Beach, Tanah Lot, Padang - Padang, Beratan Lake Bedugul,
Garuda Wisnu Kencana (GWK), with Lumba Lumbanya Lovina Beach, Besakih, Uluwatu,
Ubud, Munduk, Kintamani, Amed, Tulamben, Menjangan Island and many others.
Transportation
Bali does not have a rail network but the existing road
network on the island is classified as very good compared to other regions in
Indonesia, provided with good road network, especially to areas of the tourist
destination of Legian, Kuta, Sanur, Nusa Dua, Ubud, etc. Most residents have private
vehicles and choose to use it because public transportation is not available
with either, except for taxis and shuttles tourism. Mass transportation modes
is now prepared to Bali is able to give more comfort to the tourists. Recently
to serve the needs of a viable mass transportation on the island of Bali
launched Trans Sarbagita (Trans Denpasar, Badung, Gianyar, Tabanan) Using a
large bus with air conditioning and a tariff of Rp 3,500.
Until now, the transport in Bali are generally built in the
southern part of Bali around Denpasar, Kuta, Nusa Dua and Sanur while the
northern region lacks accommodation that baik.Jenis public transport in Bali
other Atara: Gig, using the horse as a vehicle towing a wagon known as
elsewhere
REFERENCES https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bali
